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Subelement G2
Operating Procedures
Section G2D
Volunteer Monitoring Program; HF operations
What is the Volunteer Monitoring Program?
  • Correct Answer
    Amateur volunteers who are formally enlisted to monitor the airwaves for rules violations
  • Amateur volunteers who conduct amateur licensing examinations
  • Amateur volunteers who conduct frequency coordination for amateur VHF repeaters
  • Amateur volunteers who use their station equipment to help civil defense organizations in times of emergency

The Volunteer Monitoring Program is a program in which amateur volunteers are formally enlisted to monitor the airwaves for rules violations.


The Volunteer Monitoring Program was formerly the Amateur Auxiliary to the FCC and the Volunteer Monitors were referred to as the Amateur Auxiliary and also as Official Observers.


We are all responsible for monitoring our station and operations for compliance with FCC regulations. The Volunteer Monitors look out for any violations of safety, station frequency or power issues, interference conflicts, license privilege misuse and general conduct.

This is a way for the Amateur Service to act in a self-policing capacity.

For more info see Wikipedia: Amateur Auxiliary

Hint: Only one answer has the word "monitor" in it.

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Tags: fcc rules and regulations enforcement arrl chapter 3 arrl module 6

Which of the following are objectives of the Volunteer Monitoring Program?
  • To conduct efficient and orderly amateur licensing examinations
  • Correct Answer
    To encourage amateur radio operators to self-regulate and comply with the rules
  • To coordinate repeaters for efficient and orderly spectrum usage
  • To provide emergency and public safety communications

(B). The objective of the Amateur Auxiliary is to work with amateur radio operators to encourage self regulation and compliance with the FCC rules. They monitor the amateur airways making sure that there are no issues/violations of license privilege, power or frequency use, safety practices and general station conduct. We are all responsible to monitor ourselves and make sure that we follow good engineering and courtesy practices and operate our stations according to FCC rules.

For more info see Wikipedia: Amateur Auxiliary

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Tags: fcc enforcement rules and regulations arrl chapter 3 arrl module 6

What skills learned during hidden transmitter hunts are of help to the Volunteer Monitoring Program?
  • Identification of out-of-band operation
  • Correct Answer
    Direction finding used to locate stations violating FCC rules
  • Identification of different call signs
  • Hunters have an opportunity to transmit on non-amateur frequencies

(B). The Amateur Auxiliary will train by having competitions or practice sessions to perform hidden transmitter hunts, sometimes called "Fox Hunts." The purpose of these sessions is to learn direction finding skills, such as signal triangulation, to locate stations violating FCC Rules. The Amateur Auxiliary is a voluntary group sanctioned by the FCC as a "self-policing" organization for the Amateur Radio Service.

For more info see Wikipedia: Amateur Auxiliary

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Tags: activities enforcement rules and regulations arrl chapter 3 arrl module 6

Which of the following describes an azimuthal projection map?
  • A map that shows accurate land masses
  • Correct Answer
    A map that shows true bearings and distances from a particular location
  • A map that shows the angle at which an amateur satellite crosses the equator
  • A map that shows the number of degrees longitude that an amateur satellite appears to move westward at the equator with each orbit

An azimuthal projection map is a world map projection centered on a particular location. An example would be where the North pole is at the focus or center of the circular map, and lines project in a radial scale from this central point, such as degrees longitude out to the equivalent of the equator. The image would look as if you were looking straight down on the north pole from a point out in space. Any point on the globe may be used as the focus, with radial degrees of direction issuing from that central point. This type of map is useful for figuring out the shortest straight line path for a signal far across the globe.

A video that gives a great intuitive understanding of the problems of maps and projections is Why All Maps are Wrong.

Hint: "Azimuth" uses "bearings".

For more info see Wikipedia: Azimuthal (projections onto a plane)

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Tags: arrl chapter 7 arrl module 29

Which of the following is a good way to indicate on a clear frequency in the HF phone bands that you are looking for a contact with any station?
  • Sign your call sign once, followed by the words "listening for a call" -- if no answer, change frequency and repeat
  • Say "QTC" followed by "this is" and your call sign -- if no answer, change frequency and repeat
  • Correct Answer
    Repeat "CQ" a few times, followed by "this is," then your call sign a few times, then pause to listen, repeat as necessary
  • Transmit an unmodulated carried for approximately 10 seconds, followed by "this is" and your call sign, and pause to listen -- repeat as necessary

Calling CQ lets other stations know that you’re looking for other stations to respond/contact. You follow it by your call sign for identification.

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Tags: arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

How is a directional antenna pointed when making a "long-path" contact with another station?
  • Toward the rising sun
  • Along the grayline
  • Correct Answer
    180 degrees from the station's short-path heading
  • Toward the north

(C). The most direct path or shortest straight path points directly from one station or point to a second station or point. This is usually the best way to point a directional antenna. The long-path is considered to be the direction directly opposite the short path, or 180 degrees from its short-path heading. Depending on atmospheric conditions and nearby interferences, this can sometimes provide a clearer signal transmission and reception.

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Tags: antenna directional antenna propagation arrl chapter 8 arrl module 34

Which of the following are examples of the NATO Phonetic Alphabet?
  • Able, Baker, Charlie, Dog
  • Adam, Boy, Charles, David
  • America, Boston, Canada, Denmark
  • Correct Answer
    Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta

Able, Baker, Charlie, Dog are part of the Allied Military phonetic alphabet from World War II

Adam, Boy, Charles, David are part of the legacy APCO radiotelephone alphabet

Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta are part of the NATO phonetic alphabet

America, Boston, Canada, Denmark are part of the "DX' Alphabet

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Tags: arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

What is a reason why many amateurs keep a station log?
  • The ITU requires a log of all international contacts
  • The ITU requires a log of all international third-party traffic
  • The log provides evidence of operation needed to renew a license without retest
  • Correct Answer
    To help with a reply if the FCC requests information

(D). It is always a good idea to keep station logs recording your contacts and operations. You are responsible for the good operations of your station. It is fun to keep a record of all the contact you have made (call signs, frequencies, and locations). You should also keep records of any safety or RF field strength studies, records of antenna gain, etc. These records will help with a reply if the FCC requests information about your station operations.

Refer to FCC Part: [97.103(b)]

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Tags: fcc operating procedures best practices arrl module 4 arrl chapter 2

Which of the following is required when participating in a contest on HF frequencies?
  • Submit a log to the contest sponsor
  • Send a QSL card to the stations worked, or QSL via Logbook of The World
  • Correct Answer
    Identify your station per normal FCC regulations
  • All these choices are correct

The only legal requirement is to identify per normal regulation. One can participate in a contest and submit no log, and QSL cards are not required.

Hint: You might be in a contest, but it’s best to act normal!

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Tags: arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

What is QRP operation?
  • Remote piloted model control
  • Correct Answer
    Low-power transmit operation
  • Transmission using Quick Response Protocol
  • Traffic relay procedure net operation

CW uses Q codes as abbreviations for common statements or questions relating to signal transmission. The meaning of "QRP" is to "decrease your Power." So low power transmit operations are often referred to as QRP operation. It is always good practice to use the lowest power output level that will still allow successful transmission of the signal.

Note: Remember that the "P" in "QRP" refers to Power. You might also consider "QRP" as in "Reduced Power".

For more info see Wikipedia: QRP operation

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Which of the following is typical of the lower HF frequencies during the summer?
  • Poor propagation at any time of day
  • World-wide propagation during the daylight hours
  • Heavy distortion on signals due to photon absorption
  • Correct Answer
    High levels of atmospheric noise or "static"

Thunderstorms in tropical areas cause high levels of static in summer. The noise from lightning strikes causes "static crashes" that can be heard on HF frequencies.

A simple memory device: Summer Storms result in Static

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